Innovative Journal of Medical Sciences

Enhancing patient safety: Materiovigilance and medical device surveillance in India and global perspectives

N. Javali Ratna — 2023-03-15

The post-marketing vigilance system for medical devices in India is not as robust as that for drugs. Materiovigilance, which focuses on monitoring and reporting adverse events associated with medical devices, is an essential aspect of post-marketing surveillance. Various countries, including India, have implemented their own post-marketing surveillance systems in accordance with the World Health Organization’s directives. In India, this system is known as the materiovigilance program of India (MvPI). This article aims to evaluate the current status of MvPI, compare it with the systems in developed countries, and propose specific measures to enhance the effectiveness of the program.

William Mackenzie blighted ovum syndrome: An educational ultrasound image and review

Aamir Jalal Al Mosawi — 2023-03-15

Background: A blighted ovum syndrome occurs when a pregnant female had anembryonic gestation with normal gestational sac but without an embryo. The embryo may have not developed or it developed but has reabsorbed. William Mackenzie was most probably the first to provide a detailed account of the condition which included a description of a blighted ovum dissection. Since the 1970s, blighted ovum syndrome has been increasingly recognized as a cause of recurrent miscarriages. The aim of this paper is to provide and educational ultrasound image and an educational review. Patients and Methods: The case of a 39-year-old female who experienced a blighted ovum syndrome is described. Results: A 39-year-old primigravida female was tested positive for pregnancy, and within few days, she experienced spotting of blood. Ultrasound examination showed anteverted gravid uterus with a single gestational with yolk sac without fetal pole. The mean gestational sac diameter was at six weeks. Both adnexa were normal and the cervix was closed. Four days later, the patient experienced pain and bleeding indicating miscarriage. Conclusion: This paper emphasizes the vital role of ultrasound examination in the timely and confident diagnosis of blighted ovum syndrome.

Exploration and prevalence of atopic dermatitis in adults

Afra Malik — 2023-03-15

Human skin is the largest organ and therefore, it has the most chance to get affected at first, and it becomes important to go in-depth to check the dermatologic condition that can be done under the study of dermatology. There are various dermatologic conditions from mild to worst leading to skin cancer as well. This article covers the basic dermatologic conditions known as atopic dermatitis and a detailed overview on it, like what it is, what are its types, how it is diagnosis, and how it is treated. A research survey is conducted between the students from different cities and of different ages. The aim of this study is to know about the factor on which atopic dermatitis mainly attacks. Results claim that there must be some environmental conditions and genetic factors responsible for the prevalence of this disease.

Computational approaches highlighting conotoxins as potential drug against breast and pancreatic cancer treatment

Mukesh Nitin — 2023-03-15

Introduction: The two most common cancer-related causes of mortality, breast and pancreatic cancer, account for a significant portion of deaths worldwide. Our research included genomic and docking investigations using a variety of cancer illness datasets, for the identification of potential hub genes as target receptors. Based on literature reviews, we focused on conotoxins, a marine animal-derived substance secreted by cone snails, which serves as a ligand protein in the treatment of many disorders like cancer. Methods: The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset of NCBI was used to compile the information on breast and pancreatic cancer. In this study, two microarray datasets (GSE36775 and GSE113865) were evaluated and screened out significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that had P<0.05, using NCBI GEO2R. Furthermore, Cytoscape is used to examine the highly conserved genes across various cancer types. A protein-protein docking study was conducted using the H-Dock server. Results: Gene conservancy studies revealed that 963 genes in total were preserved in two significant cases. To identify their metabolic pathways, a system biology approach was used, and docking studies of receptor proteins against diverse conotoxins were also conducted. The two compounds with the highest docking scores are CCNB1 + conotoxinPVIIA (-257.64 Kcal/mol) and CDK1 + conotoxinGeXIVA (-246.66 Kcal/mol), respectively. Conclusion: In the fight against cancer, our study has shown that conotoxins-derived peptides have enormous promise for selectively targeting cancer cells. We concluded that animal-based compounds may unveil new areas of study for researchers.

The use of orlistat in diabetes: An educational article and expert opinion

Aamir Jalal Al Mosawi — 2023-03-15

In 1998, Hermann Toplak and Marhardt reported the emergence and registration of orlistat in Austria. Orlistat is an intestinal lipase inhibitor which decreases intestinal triglycerides absorption and helps in lowering the ultimate calorie intake. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of orlistat research progress in diabetes. There has been accumulating convincing evidence suggesting that the use of orlistat in type 2 diabetes can have beneficial effects on diabetic control, body weight, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), and insulin resistance.